Eureka! Institutional Repository

Introduction: Despite the progress of the care provided in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs), the mortality rate of patients with serious illness remains high. This is largely due to a number of prognostic factors whose value has proven valuable in clinical practice. Recording and evaluating these factors when patients are admitted to intensive care helps health professionals to be guided from the first phase of their treatment strategy and to help assess the prognosis and ultimately the outcome of patients. Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the prognostic factors of patients' admission to ICU in relation to mortality. Specifically, it refers to the risk factors of the first 24-hour hospitalization of patients with some predictive value and the purpose was to answer the main research question as to whether these factors are related to ICU mortality. In addition, a separate section of the study is devoted to the population with diabetes mellitus in order to investigate the following research hypothesis: "What are the prognostic parameters related to ICU mortality in people with diabetes?" Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study performed at the Multidisciplinary Pathological / Surgical ICU of a General Hospital in Thessaloniki Prefecture during the March-May 2019 quarter. Data were collected and recorded in excel form patient history data, specific sequential glucose and lactic acid measurements, and all parameters that constitute APACHE II. (Acute Physiology Age Chronic Health Assessment) and predicted mortality as calculated from it. Results: Apache II score is related to age (p<0,05) , polypharmacy (p<0,01), Glasgow Coma scale GCS (p<0,01) and underlying systemic disease (p<0,01) of critically ill patients in ICU. In diabetic patients, the mean 24-hour glucose is associated with underlying systemic disease (p<0,05) and the mean lactic acid on significance level of (p<0,05). No statistically significant relationship was found between apache score and outcome in all patients. Conclusions: The present study showed that the incidence of diabetic patients in the intensive care is related to 24-hour serum lactic acid levels. This finding requires further investigation.