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The aim of this seniοr thesis is the explanation and comprehension of the term “turbocharging” with a further analysis on turbochargers. A turbocharger or alternatively turbine is a component which is originally used in diesel engines and afterwards in petrol engines in order to increase engine power while reducing energy consumption and emissions.There are several useful components involved in the operating process, such as the waterwheel, wheel bearings , piston rings and others, wich are thoroughly described in the next chapters of this thesis. More specifically, a historical review is done regarding the turbocharger from the moment it was conceived as an idea until today, followed by a reference to its operating principles and purpose as well as to the different turbocharging systems that exist. After the basic concepts of turbocharging,a specific analysis is done about turbochargers, viz. the systems they consist of, the efficiency rates they can reach, their advantages and disadvantages as well as the components, the geometry and the auxiliaries which are used for the proper functioning of the turbocharger. Furthermore, there is a report on the problems which can occur and on the causes of damages. Ultimately, throughout this dissertation, the real turbocharger that we had at our disposal proved to be useful for the better apprehension of the aspects developed as well as for the measurements taken.