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The population of Greece according to the 2011 census amounts to 10,815,197 inhabitants, which places it in eleventh place, based on population, in the list of European countries. The Hellenic statistical authority (ELSTAT), which is responsible for the conduct of the population census every 10 years, recently recorded the number of buildings that have been constructed up to the beginning of 1985, as part of another survey. This number amounts to 4,105,637 of which 2,798,140 houses have been built up to this important date. In this thesis, the anti-seismic efficiency of 37.96% of the total houses built up to 1985 in Greece is investigated in detail. To better conduct both the seismic capacity control of the column-node-beam structural subset and the treatment of the deficiencies of this subset, in old structures, three models were created. These models represent the way of design as it was shaped over the years, based on painful experience because of the catastrophic earthquakes that have occurred worldwide. The first model represents the standard manufacturing practice that was used up to the 1960s and was designated the M1. The second sample was named M2 and represents a construction method between the 1960s to the 1970s. The third and final sample was named M3 and was built to the standards of the 1970s to 1985 when the first Earthquake Mechanisms were implemented. The internationally recognized analytical methodology for avoiding the collapse of buildings (Tsonos model) that will be used in the 3rd Chapter is a model that predicts the node's behavior in an earthquake with extreme accuracy. That is, it checks, in old and new constructions, whether the failure of the beam will precede this node, therefore whether we will have the desired form of controllable damage or a form of damage that may even lead to a partial or even total collapse of the structure we are considering. Thus, for constructions where it is not ensured that the nodes will remain unharmed during a strong earthquake, reinforcements are proposed to avoid any case of damage, with the aim of the proper functioning of the node and consequently, the overall operation of the building.