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The fasting of the Orthodox Church has been a source of interest for researchers all over the world for years, due to its many beneficial effects on human health. Studies show that follow it leads to both reduced cholesterol levels and low rates of heart disease. Fasting is an integral part of Greek history and is followed by a large number of believers, with a wide range of ages. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the diet of people following Orthodox Christian Fasting, in a sample of 361 people, 176 of whom were fasting and 185 were the control group. The sample consisted of 169 men and 192 women, averaging 48.5 years (± 13.7).The members were chosen from participating in PhD Thesis of Anna Kokkinopoulou in collaboration with the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics of A.T.E.I. of Thessaloniki and with the Department of Medicine of the University of Crete. The following measurements were recorded:  Body weight  Height  Waist and hip circumference  Body composition analysis  Metabolic rate analysis  Visceral fat Answers were collected from the following questionnaires:  24-hour dietary recall  Food frequency consumption questionnaire  Nutritional behavior The results of the study showed that those who followed the fasting consumed statistically significant amounts of legumes, vegetables stuffed with rice, tahini, mashed vegetables, fruits, olives and various beers such as mountain tea. There were no statistically significant differences in dietary intake as well as in their somatometric characteristics. In addition, in the group of fasters, women consumed more legumes, feta cheese, wholemeal rusks and roasted potatoes, and most of men consumed more pork, vegetables with rice and meat.