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There is a complex network of relationships between climatic and environmental factors and food and water diseases. Climate factors influence the growth and survival of pathogenic bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi, their transmission pathways, their resistance and appearance patterns, and the emergence of corresponding foodborne illnesses. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of climate change on food safety, and in particular on the population of pathogenic microorganisms present in food and water, according to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) data, during the last 10 years.