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Obesity in children is a major health problem that is growing throughout the world, with particularly worrying trends in Europe. It causes a wide range of serious health and social impacts and increases the likelihood of morbidity in adults. Objective: This study focuses on the assessment of the incidence of childhood obesity in a sample of 7th and 9th years-old children of primary school in the municipality of Thessaloniki. Subjects: 76 children aged 7 and 9 were involved in this study. Of these, 41 were in the second grade (14 boys and 27 girls) and 35 in the fourth grade (19 boys and 16 girls), in elementary schools in Thessaloniki. Within the framework of the WHO European Initiative, the Hellenic Medical Association for Obesity in collaboration with the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics of the Alexander Technological Educational Instituteof Thessaloniki, has undertaken the Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) program in Greece to investigate the prevalence of obesity in primary schools in Greek territory in children aged 6.0-9.9 years. Methods: The anthropometric measurements performed in the research were: calculation of body weight, height, waist and hip circumference. Results: The overweight girls (33,33%) of the 2nd grade have a higher percentage of 4,76% compared to boys (28,57%), whereas in contrast to obesity the difference between boys and girls is 15,08%, with 7,14% representing boys and 22,22% girls. In addition, in terms of abdominal obesity, boys are at a higher risk than girls, with rates of 42,86% and 33,33% respectively. In the 4th grade, also girls are the ones with higher rates, 5,92% for overweight and 13,49% for obesity, overweight boys (31,58%), and obese boys (5,26%), the percentages for girls are 37,5% for overweight girls and 18,75% for obesity. Also, at this age, boys (42,1%) have more abdominal fat than girls (25%)